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Collection of Tools & Utilities
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1993-05-27
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basename - Display file namename
usage: basename string [suffix]
Display file name. If suffix is supplied and matches the suffix on the
filename, the suffix is stripped from the filename.
bmgrep - Bmgrep is a fast pattern matching utility, intended to be almost
identical in functionality to fgrep (ugh!) but much faster. It uses
the Boyer-Moore algorithm.
usage: bmgrep [-chlnsx1] [-e pattern] [-f file] pattern files
-c: Count of matching lines
-h: No filenames in output
-l: List of files containing the pattern
-n: Character offset of the pattern
-s: Silent mode
-x: Only lines which match entirely
-1: Stop search after first match
cal - Display calendar
usage: cal [month] year
Display the calendar for month year. If month not supplied, display
the full year calendar. Note: month can be the month number or name;
93 is 93 AD not 1993.
cat - Concatenate files
usage: cat [-usvtenqbTB] files
-q: No error reports
-u: Unbuffered output
-s: Strip multiple blank lines
-v: Print control characters as ^X
-t: Print tabs as ^T
-e: Print $ at end of line
-n: Print line number
-b: Print block number
-T: Force stdout into text mode (CR/LF translation)
-B: Force stdout into binary mode (no CR/LF translation)
cdiff - Context difference
usage: cdiff old new
cgrep - Search file for pattern and display context
usage: cgrep [-vcilnbs] [-a|w lines] [-e string] [-f file] [string] [files..]
-a num Set the number of lines to be displayed before (if num is
negative) or after (if num is positive) the matched line.
-w num Set the size of the context window.
-v: All lines but those matching are printed.
-c: Only a count of matching lines is printed.
-i: Ignore upper/lower case distinction during comparisons.
-l: Only the names of files with matching lines are listed (once),
separated by new-lines.
-n: Each line is preceded by its relative line number in the file.
-b: Each line is preceded by the block number on which it was found.
This is sometimes useful in locating disk block numbers by
context.
-s: The error messages produced for nonexistent or unreadable files
are suppressed.
-e expression
Same as a simple expression argument, but useful when the
expression begins with a -.
-f file The regular expression list is taken from the file.
chmod - Change file attributes
usage: chmod [-R] [absolute-mode | symbolic-mode | string-mode] files
-R: Recurse down directories
symbolic mode
A symbolic mode has the form
[who] op permission [op permission ...]
The who value is any combination of the following:
u Sets user permissions.
g Sets group permissions.
o Sets other permissions.
a Sets all permissions; this is the default.
Group and Other permissions are mapped to user permissions on MSDOS
and OS/2.
The op value gives the action to take:
+ Turns on a permission.
- Turns off a permission.
= Turns on the specified permissions and turns off all others.
The permission value is any combination of the following:
r Read permission. Ignored for MSDOS & OS/2
x Execute permission. Ignored for MSDOS & OS/2
w Write permission.
h HIDDEN attribute.
a ARCHIVE attribute.
s Setuid/Setgid bit. On MSDOS and OS/2 this maps to the
SYSTEM attribute.
t Text bit. On MSDOS and OS/2 this maps to the ARCHIVED
attribute.
absolute mode
A octal value made up using by ORing the following values. Note
that some values may be invalid. These are translated into the
appropriate MSDOS/OS2 values.
4000 HIDDEN Attribute
2000 SYSTEM Attribute
1000 ARCHIVE Attribute
0400 User read. Ignored on MSDOS and OS/2
0200 User write
0100 User execute. Ignored on MSDOS and OS/2
0040 Group read. Ignored on MSDOS and OS/2
0020 Group write (mapped to user write attribute).
0010 Group execute. Ignored on MSDOS and OS/2
0004 Other read. Ignored on MSDOS and OS/2
0002 Other write (mapped to user write attribute).
0001 Other execute. Ignored on MSDOS and OS/2
If the last character is a d (as in 001d), the absolute DOS
values listed below are assumed and no translation takes place.
001 - Read only
002 - Hidden
004 - system
040 - Archived
string mode
A string matching the output long form for the mode from ls is
required (rxw------, for example).
cmp - Compare two files
usage: cmp [-ls] file1 file2
-l: Report all differences
-s: Silent mode. exit code of 1 if there are differences
comm - select or reject lines common to two sorted files
usage: comm [-[123]] file1 file2
-1: Reject column 1
-2: Reject column 2
-3: Reject column 3
cp - Copy files.
usage: cp [-ipfCrRvn] f1 f2
cp [-ipfCrRvn] f1 ... fn d1
cp [-ipfCrRvn] d1 d2
-i: Ask before copying
-r: Recurse down directories, copying tree to new location
-R: Recurse down directories, copying tree to new location
-v: verbose
-n: show me what you're going to do, without doing it.
-p: preserve access times
-C: Convert sources files from MSDOS format to UNIX format
-f: Force removal of destination files
cpio - Archive files
usage: cpio -o [ -acxBTvk ] [ -O <output file> ]
-i [ -BTxcdmrtuvfsSb6 ] [ -I <input file> ] [ patterns ]
-p [ -adrxlmuv ] directory
-o: Output mode
-i: Input mode
-p: Pass mode
-a: Reset access time
-T: No swapping in header
-k: Skip corrupt start of tape
-c: ASCII header
-B: 5120 byte buffer
-v: Verbose flag
-d: Create directories
-x: Process special files
-h: Process symbolic links
-m: Reset modification time
-r: Rename
-t: Print table of contents
-u: Copy unconditionally
-f: Copy not matching
-s: Swap bytes
-S: Swap half words
-b: Swap bytes and half words
-6: Unix 6th edition
-l: Link when possible
-I file: Use file as input instead of stdin
-O file: Use file as output instead of stdout
csplit - Context or line file splitter
usage: csplit [-s] [-k] [-nnumber] [-f prefix] file args ...
-s: Suppress printing of character counts
-k: Do not delete created files on error
-f prefix Prefix for created files (default: xx)
-n number Maximum number of files to create (default 99)
cut - Cut data out of a file
usage: cut [ -f{args} [-s] [-d separator ] ] | [ -c{args} ] [filename [...]]
-f{args}: Comma separated list of fields to extract
-d separator: Field separator (default tab)
-s: Skip lines with no fields
-c{args}: Comma separater list of columns to extract
date - Display / change date and time
usage: date [-q] [+format] [[MMDDYY]hhmm[ss]]
-q:
+format: Display date/time using specified format string
If a new date/time is supplied (last parameter), the system date and
time is updated.
The format string is constructed as for the library function strftime
(cf printf). The following format specifiers are supported:
a Short day name
A Full day name
b Short month name
B Full month name
c Date and Time (%x %X)
d Day of month, 2 digits
D Long date (%d/%m/%y)
E Era name and year
F Full month name
h Short month name
H 24 Hour, 2 digits
I 12 Hour, 2 digits
j Day of year, 3 digits
m Month number, 2 digits
M Minute number, 2 digits
n Newline character
o Era year (from 0)
N Era name (AD)
p AM/PM
r 12 hour Time (%I:%M:%S %p)
S Second number, 2 digits
t Tab character
T 24 Hour Time (%H:%M:%S)
U Sunday Week of year, 2 digits
w Weekday number, 2 digits
W Monday Week of year, 2 digits
x Shor